Sophie takes the sap from a balsam fir. She says you must get it in the spring from the east side of the tree. It is used as a lung medicine and was once used as a cure for tuberculosis in its early stages.

   In the spring the inner bark of the jack-pine provides a tasty succulent nutrient for someone who is lost in the woods.

   Poplar bark is used as a cough medicine and for stopping bleeding. It also rids the body of worms.